Diet for pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is a disease in which the pancreas becomes inflamed.It has a huge role in the digestive system - it regulates energy metabolism, synthesizes digestive juices, and is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates.

The enzymes first enter the stomach and then the duodenum, where they begin to be activated.If the pancreas is inflamed, the enzymes start to "work" at an early stage, that is, even before secretion.Damage appears - the gland begins to digest itself, which causes the death of some pancreatic cells.

Pancreatitis can be caused by:

• infectious diseases not related to the digestive system - for example, seasonal acute respiratory viral infections;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• poor nutrition;
• tension;
• alcohol abuse.

Pancreatitis can develop in several forms - acute, reactive and chronic.In acute cases, the pancreas can be completely or partially inflamed;reactive develops against the background of diseases of the digestive system - gastric and duodenal ulcers, gall bladder or liver.

The chronic form can be in remission for a long time, and most often the disease progresses slowly.In most cases, the inflammation reappears when the diet is disturbed.

In pancreatitis of the pancreas, the nature of nutrition plays a huge role - it is impossible to prevent aggravation without following a special diet.What kind of diets are these, and what principles are used to prepare the menu for pancreatitis?

Principles of nutrition for pancreatitis

The basic principle of creating a diet that normalizes the functioning of the pancreas is to minimize the load on the digestive organ.

During an exacerbation, doctors give the following recommendations to adults: "hunger, cold and rest."If the patient is in the hospital and the pancreatitis is in an acute stage, it is advisable to refuse food for 2-3 days, and useful substances - salts and liquids - are introduced into the body by drip.If you fast at home, it is impossible to fully ensure the normal water and electrolyte balance.You should and can drink, but only in small portions.

Even adults need to replenish their nutrient reserves.Specially designed diets help.Table No. 5 is the most "tested" among them.

The basic principles of this diet:

• create the most gentle conditions for the stomach and intestines - by mechanical and chemical unloading;
• eliminates pancreatic dysfunction;
• prevents negative changes in liver tissue - fatty infiltration;
• reduces the irritability of the gallbladder.

The diet should be followed not only during the treatment of the disease, but also for a year after remission.

The main features of the diet in the treatment of pancreatitis:

• In the daily menu, the number of products that contain substances with an extractive effect - stimulating the production of pancreatic enzymes - must be limited:
1. refractory fats;
2. purines;
3. essential oils;
4. cholesterol;
5. coarse fiber;
6. glucose.
• The nature of the diet - high protein foods reduce the amount of carbohydrates and fats.
• Cooking technology - cooking, steaming, baking in foil, steaming.
• Meals are fractional - no more than 6 times a day, in small portions.You should get up from the table with a slight feeling of malnutrition, so as not to overload the pancreas.
• After an exacerbation, you can eat only pureed food at first.
• You should temporarily give up spices, including salt;
• You cannot eat hot or cold food;the dishes should be warmed to about body temperature - 36°C.

The drinking system is limited.You can drink as much as you want only after the urge to vomit has completely subsided.

In the first days after an attack, there is no need to fear food restrictions - fasting during treatment is only beneficial.

Diet menu for pancreatitis

If you draw up a menu for several days during the exacerbation of pancreatitis, you should immediately take into account its features - the products must be ground.For example, if there is meat - then souffle or meatloaf, potatoes - mashed potatoes, and so on...

The menu consists of the following products - a sample list of them:

• baby food - you can use it both packaged in bottles and in the form of powder, which is later diluted with liquid;
• mashed potatoes, cauliflower or white cabbage;
• pureed cottage cheese.

The proportion of nutrients in the daily menu - fats - 50-70 g, proteins - 130-150 g, carbohydrates - 300-320 g.

About 2-4 days after the exacerbation, the nausea stops and the amount of fluid in the body should be restored.You should drink about 1.5 liters of water per day, in small sips, with a glass every 6 hours.Heavier foods are gradually introduced into the diet after the pain has subsided, one item for each meal.

From this time - approximately on the 4th day - the menu includes the following dishes and products:

• kefir - only low-fat;
• chicken breast broth;
• egg white omelette;
• non-acidic berry juices, diluted by half with water;
• rosehip decoction;
• up to about 30 g of honey per day;
• dried whole wheat bread;
• unsweetened biscuits or crackers;
• boiled pasta - you can not use pasta or curls, preference should be given to small pasta;
• rub the porridge through a sieve;in case of pancreatitis, you can cook it from buckwheat or oatmeal (some nutritionists allow the consumption of semolina, but it must be cooked completely so that it does not swell in the stomach).

You can eat the following foods:

• lean meat - chicken breast, beef, rabbit;
• fish - cooked, only meat can be used;fish juice and other fish soups cannot be consumed;
• fruits - fried or blanched;
• broth - secondary;
• pureed vegetables - broccoli, cauliflower, pumpkin.

The type of nutrition during pancreatitis depends on the general condition of the patient.

How does the nutritional pattern change in case of pancreatitis?

An approximate diet menu in the first days after exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis looks like this:

1 day:

• breakfast - half a portion of slimy oatmeal soup and half a glass of non-carbonated mineral water;
• snack - baked apple without skin and sugar;
• lunch - mashed potatoes - also half a portion - with milk, without spices;
• afternoon snack - jelly and bread flour;
• dinner - buckwheat porridge with weak tea, whitened milk;
• bedtime - a little milk diluted with water.

Day 2:

• breakfast - steamed protein omelet, chamomile decoction;
• snack – baked pear;
• lunch - barley pearl soup, ground, in water, biscuits with compote;
• afternoon snack - milk puff;
• dinner - semolina porridge, dried fruit puree, weak tea;
• bedtime - half a glass of rosehip decoction.

Then you can relax a little on the diet - if the condition has normalized:

• breakfast - oatmeal with dried fruits, preferably raisins, rosehip decoction;
• snack – raw banana;
• lunch – steamed fish with carrot puree, dried fruit compote;
• afternoon snack - cottage cheese seasoned with honey;
• dinner - milk rice porridge with weak tea;
• bedtime - half a glass of diluted milk.

The diet of chronic pancreatitis, when the condition has normalized, may look like this - an approximate version of the daily menu:

• breakfast - vegetable puree, a piece of meat puff, fruit juice diluted with water, weak tea;
• snack - a protein omelette, a slice of steamed chicken breast, a piece of dried bread, kefir;
• lunch - small pasta with chicken breast in broth, boiled vegetables with a piece of steamed fish, bread, dried fruit compote;
• afternoon snack - biscuits with sweet berry jelly, maybe with a little honey;
• dinner - steamed meatballs, rice porridge (or mashed potatoes), steamed vegetables, tea.

If you want to eat before going to bed, you can eat a biscuit, sweet fruit or drink a glass of kefir.

A well-planned menu for the treatment of pancreatitis helps in rapid remission of the disease.The diet should be followed for one year after the last exacerbation.